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WAEC WASSCE Biology 2012 past questions and answers

This 2012 WAEC WASSCE Biology set has 40 practice questions. Try these 5 free sample questions, tap a question to reveal the answer and explanation. Then practise the whole 2012 set with instant marking.

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Sample WAEC WASSCE Biology 2012 questions

1. Which statement best distinguishes an organism's habitat from its ecological niche?
  1. A habitat is its feeding role, while a niche is its physical location.
  2. A habitat is where it lives, while a niche describes how it lives and uses resources.
  3. A habitat is its population size, while a niche is its community.
  4. A habitat is its food source, while a niche is its predator.

Answer: B. A habitat is where it lives, while a niche describes how it lives and uses resources.

A habitat is the place an organism occupies, whereas its niche includes its role and resource use in the ecosystem.

2. A student counts 24 grass plants in quadrats covering a total area of 3 m^2; what is the estimated density of the grass?
  1. 6 plants per m^2
  2. 7 plants per m^2
  3. 9 plants per m^2
  4. 8 plants per m^2

Answer: D. 8 plants per m^2

Estimated density is 24 divided by 3, which equals 8 plants per m^2.

3. In a mark-release-recapture study, 40 insects are marked and released, then 60 are caught later, including 10 marked insects; what is the estimated population?
  1. 240
  2. 180
  3. 100
  4. 24

Answer: A. 240

The estimate is (40 x 60) divided by 10, giving 240 insects.

4. What is the main role of decomposers in an ecosystem?
  1. They convert sunlight directly into chemical energy.
  2. They remove all mineral nutrients from the soil.
  3. They break down dead matter and release nutrients for reuse.
  4. They make organic food from atmospheric nitrogen.

Answer: C. They break down dead matter and release nutrients for reuse.

Decomposers break down dead organisms and wastes, returning mineral nutrients to the environment.

5. If producers store 20,000 kJ of energy and 10% passes to primary consumers, how much energy reaches the primary consumers?
  1. 200 kJ
  2. 2,000 kJ
  3. 10,000 kJ
  4. 18,000 kJ

Answer: B. 2,000 kJ

Ten percent of 20,000 kJ is 2,000 kJ.

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